Human health, food and energy security, and environmental sustainability are challenges that require innovative solutions. Many of these can be found in the study and exploitation of marine and freshwater resources, also known as Blue Biotechnologies. However, their development in Europe is still in its infancy. 2B-BLUE will foster them by establishing 5 interactive Blue Biotechnology Hubs that will facilitate collaboration, know-how transfer and innovation. These will integrate partners across the Mediterranean in the areas of research, industry, governance, civil society, and the environment. 2B-BLUE will support public-private cooperation, training, and scientific activities that will continue after the project’s end.